Index

Abercromby, Sir Ralph, his opinion of the English troops in Ireland, 62.

"À la baionette," near Ballina, 65.

Atrocities of the English and rebels, 25, 58, 67, 78-9, 127, 135-6, 172.

Ballina, battle near, 65-7; conflicting accounts of the battle, 66-7, note; results of second battle, 68.

Ballinamuck, battle of, described, 132-6; slaughter of the Irish, 135-6, losses of contestants, 138; treatment of French prisoners, 138.

Bantry Bay Expedition, its formidable character and unavoidable failure, 20-1.

Barrett, Patrick, officer of Irish insurgents, heroically saves lives of Protestants, 156-7.

Batavian Republic, its great self-sacrifice for the principles of liberty, in equipping expedition for Ireland, 21.

Blake, General Richard, Irish patriot, captured and hanged at Ballinamuck, dies bravely, 136.

Boudet, Captain, French officer in expedition to Ireland, described, 152.

Castlebar, romantic character of its vicinity, 152-4; sketch of the town, 74-5; frequent broils between English regulars and militia, 75-6; illustration of Protestant pietistic spirit, 77; strength and position of British force, 82-7. Battle of, described, 81-99; defeat of the Irish contingent, 87-8; foolish experiment of the French, 89; their splendid audacity at the last charge, 89; French and English troops compared, 90, note; cowardice of the British, 92-4; fights in the town and at the bridge, 94-6; acts of heroism. 95-8; the English flight called "the races of Castlebar," 90; opposite conduct of Lake and Hutchinson, 98; losses and results, 103-5. Excesses of the Irish recruits after the battle, 107-9; massacre of Protestants prevented by the French, 108; good conduct of the French soldiers during the occupation, 109-10; evacuation by the French, 118; movements preceding second attack on it by Irish insurgents, 144-5; panic of the citizens, 146; description of the battle, 147-8.

Chambers, Captain, in English army, his courage at Castlebar, 94-7.

Character of English troops in Ireland, 62-3.

Charost, Lieutenant-colonel, in French army, sketched, 150-1; firmly maintains order at Killala, 152-63; releases persecuted Protestants, 158; diverts a mob from its villainy, 162-3; has narrow escape at Killala, 171; is sent prisoner to Dublin, 171.

Colooney, description of march to, 121-3; battle at, 124; orderly retreat of the English, 124.

Connaught, republican government for, formed by the French, 112.

Cornwallis, Lord Lieutenant and commander-in-chief, denounces the English force in Ireland, 62-3; reorganizes Lake's defeated army, 119; moves against the French, 120; his generalship against Humbert, 130-1; becomes cruel to the Irish patriots, 141.

Cowley, Father Owen, a bloodthirsty priest, 156-8.

Crawford, Colonel, enters Castlebar, and terrorizes the "President," 118-19; harasses the rear of Humbert's army, 126-8; makes general attack and is defeated, 128; is captured and released at Ballinamuck, 133-5.

England, her naval power in 1798, 16-17; her blockade of French ports, 17; her tyranny in Ireland, 17-19; humiliating reflections upon her power, 83; inordinate national vanity of, 84-5.

English oppressions of Ireland, 17-18; described by an English nobleman, 18-19, note; military barbarities, 24-25, 127, 135-6.

English forces in Ireland, bad character of, 62-3; military operations in Ireland, during French invasion, begun, 63-4; engagement near Ballina, 65-7; defeat at Castlebar, 87-99; movements after Castlebar, 119-21; Trench's operations in Connaught, 164-7.

Expeditions to aid Ireland, first, French, under Hoche, 19-21; second, Dutch or Batavian, 21-2; third, under Humbert, see Humbert; fourth, captured by British navy, 143.

Fontaine, Adjutant-General Louis Octave, his history of the Irish campaign, 45.

France, grandest epoch of her history. 16; blockade of her coast by England, 16-17.

French Revolution, heroism produced by, 16.

French Directory, terms of its alliance with Irish patriots, 19; despatches expedition to Ireland, 19-20; breaks its promise regarding another, 23.

French expeditions to Ireland, motive for, 16-17; description of first one, and why it failed, 20-1; Batavian, 21-2; Humbert's, see Humbert; fourth, captured by English navy, 143.

French soldiers in Ireland, good behavior of, 50-2, 109-10; proclamation to the Irish, 53-4; their excellent character, 90, note; distraction and pleasure after Castlebar, 105-6; prisoners of war at Ballinamuck, their treatment, 138; conduct on the way to Dublin, 138-9; at Liverpool and Litchfield, 139.

Granard, an important point, attacked unsuccessfully by the Irish insurgents, 129.

Hoche, General Lazare, character of, 20; leads unsuccessful expedition to Ireland, 19-21.

Humbert, General Jean-Joseph A., his landing at Kilcummin, near Killala, 27-35; first skirmish of his troops, 33-4; his pledge to the Irish people, 35; origin and organization of his expedition, 35-6; sketch of his early life, 36-43; personal appearance, 42-3; change in his character, 38; his conduct of civil war in La Vendue, 40-1; his dauntless determination, 43; his fleet and army, 44; his proclamation to the Irish, 53-4; religious difficulties in organizing them, 55-9; short speech to the fierce Catholics; 57; why the priests aided him, 58-9; English movements begun, 63-4; battle near Ballina, 65-7; moves toward Castlebar, 72; has a tedious march, 80; size of his army at Castlebar, 84; his plans and movements, 87; battle of Castlebar, 88-99; wins by a bold stroke, 89-91; despatches Teeling after the British commanders, 100-1; exaggerates to the French Directory, 103; prevents revenge on the Protestants, 108; makes great mistake by attempting politics, 110-13; organizes government for Connaught, 111; makes large promises to the Directory, 114-15; results of dilatory policy, 117; begins march to the interior, 118-21; skirmish at Tubbercurry, 122; battle at Colooney, 124; praises Col. Vereker, 125; turns and moves toward Granard, 128; gives a blow to the harassing Crawford, 128; crosses the Shannon, 129; arrival at Cloone, 129; his purpose defeated by too much talk and sleep, 129-30; forced to an engagement at Ballinamuck, 131-2; conduct at the battle. 133-5; his life saved by Teeling, 135; surrenders, is brought before Lake, and sent to Cornwallis, 137; thanked by clergymen at Litchfield for his humanity, 139; his efforts to save Teeling and the Irish officers, 139-41; goes to prison with Teeling, 140; sent to Dublin and afterward to France, 138-40; main reason for his failure, 173-4; his career after leaving Ireland, chapter ix.; fights the Austrians, 176; is sent to San Domingo to fight against liberty, 176-7; falls in love with Pauline Bonaparte, 178; escapes a prison by fleeing to America, 179; fights at battle of New Orleans, 179; raises expedition to aid Mexico, 181; returns unsuccessful to the United States, 182; dies an American citizen at New Orleans in 1823, 182. Brilliancy and importance of his career in Ireland, preface; lesson of the account, preface, 13-14.

Hutchinson, John Hely, English major-general, moves against the French, 63; resumes command at Castlebar, 81-2; misrepresents to Cornwallis, 82, 84.

Ireland, as a possible ally of the French Republic, 17; brutal treatment of, by England, 17-8, 24; secret societies in, 18; Insurrection Act in, 18. First expedition in aid of, 19, 21; attempt of the Batavian Republic, 21-2: plan of third attempt, 36; partially carried out by Humbert, see Humbert. Emissaries of, in France, their influence, 24. Insurrection of, in 1798, its outbreak, 24; weakness of Irish character, 111-13.

Irish insurgents, their ideas and purposes, 107-8, 115-16, note, 148-9; large increase of forces, 117; their desertions, 121-2, 127; they attack Granard, 129; are massacred at Ballinamuck, 135-6; continue the war after surrender of the French, 144; their malice against Protestants, 155-9; they fight unsuccessful battles at Castlebar, 144; and at Scarmore, 164-5; finally defeated with great slaughter at Killala, 167-70; tried by court-martial and hanged, 172; reasons for their failure and destruction, 173-4.

Kerr, Major, commands English at Ballina, 65-6.

Killala, landing place of Humbert, described, 26-7; appearance of fleet in bay, 27; first skirmish at, 33-4; raising of the green flag at, 49; scene of a decisive battle, 167-9; Kirkwood, magistrate of, 51.

Kilmaine ("le brave"), Lieutenant-general, an Irishman with assumed name, 36.

Kirkwood, magistrate at Killala, 51; his house sacked by Irish revolutionists for breach of parole, 51.

Lake, Gerard, general of an English force, commands at Castlebar, 78; his erroneous opinions of the French, 78-9; his brutal character, 78-9; cowardice at battle of Castlebar, 92, 98; sent by Cornwallis,with a reorganized army, to pursue Humbert, 119-20; harasses the French, 126-27; his merciless barbarity to the Irish, 127; forces Humbert to an engagement, 131; massacres the Irish insurgents, 135-6; surprised at the smallness of his victory, 137.

Moira, Lord, speech in the British House of Lords, November 22, 1797, on the wrongs of Ireland, 18-19, note.

Moore, John, "President of Connaught," 112; shows great cowardice on the entry into Castlebar of Colonel Crawford and his cavalry, 118-19.

Napoleon Bonaparte, his desertion of the Irish, 17; dreams of conquering the East, 23.

O'Dowd, Irish patriot, captured and hanged, dying bravely, at Ballinamuck, 136.

O'Keon, Henry, "the green-coated horseman," 31; his daring ride, 32-3; sketch of, 47-8; his method of convincing the Irish, 70-1; leads insurgents against Castlebar, and is defeated, 144; aids in saving lives of Protestants, 156; with Barrett attacks the British at Scarmore, 165; is captured at Killala, tried for treason, but escapes death, 171.

Ormond, Earl of, his bravery at Castlebar, 92-3.

Order of United Irishmen, see United Irishmen.

Paine, Thomas, writes to French Directory regarding Irish patriots in French army, 142, 185-6, appendix.

Ponson, Captain, a French officer, described, 151-2; single-handed quells a crowd of ruffians, 162.

Proclamation of Liberty to Ireland, 53-4.

Religious difficulties of the French in Ireland, 55-9; Humbert's effective little speech at Killala, 57; bad motives of the parish priests, 58-9; peculiar position of the French, 59-60; fickleness of recruits, 65; efforts to conciliate, 69-71.

Revolution, American, effects of, in Europe, 15.

Sarrazin, General, sketch of, 44-5; skirmish with and flight of British at Ballina, 55; leads the attack near Ballina, 65; honors an Irish martyr, 69; at Castlebar, 87-8, 91; deserts Humbert at Ballinamuck, 132-3.

Scarmore, battle at, and defeat of rebels by Lord Portarlington, 164.

Secret societies in Ireland, 18-19.

Shortall, English artillery captain, does efficient service at Castlebar, 88; makes good use of his fists, 91.

Sligo, panic of inhabitants in, 125-6.

Stock, Reverend Joseph, Bishop of Killala, describes Humbert, 42; testimony to the many excellent qualities of the French soldiery, 90, note; saves life of an Irish patriot, 171; receives letter from Humbert, 187, appendix.

Superstitions of Catholics and Protestants, 70-1, 77, 112.

Teeling, Bartholomew, Irish patriot in French army, sketch of, 46-7; adventure at Castlebar, 100-3; saves Humbert's life at Ballinamuck, 134-5; taken as a rebel by Lake, 140; is accompanied to prison by Humbert, who tries to save him, 140; tried by court martial at Dublin, 141, particulars of his execution, 142;

Tone, Matthew Irish patriot in French army, taken at Ballmamuck, tried and executed, 141-2

Tone, Theobald Wolfe, Irish patriot, also falls a victim to the English, 143.

Trench, general in English army, 161, emissaries sent to him entreating fair treatment of prisoners, 161, assures fair treatment of prisoners, 163, arrives at Castlebar and plans future movements, 164, marches to Crossmalina 165, skirmish with the rebels, 166, joins Lord Portarlington at Ballina, 166, his battle with rebels at Killala, 167-9.

Truc, French officer, described, 152, allows insurgents to persecute Protestants 156.

Urquhart, Captain, English commander at Castlebar, posts his forces advantageously for the defence of the town on second attack, 147.

United Irishmen, Order of, 18, its alliance with the French Directory, 19, its disappointments, 21-23, thwarts English diplomacy 24, is crushed out by the English military, 25.

Vereker, Colonel Charles, English commandant at Sligo, has a battle with Humbert, at Colooney, 124, wins the admiration of Humbert, 125.

Walsh, a revolutionist hanged by the British, 67, his corpse kissed by Sarrazin 69, incongruous scenes at his funeral, 70 "War of plunder and massacre," on the part of England, so described by Cornwallis, 63.