O'Neill (No.2) family genealogy

Princes of Tyrone

Arms: Ar. two lions ramp. combatant gu. armed and langued az. supporting a sinister red hand couped at the wrist erect, palm outward. Crest: A right arm couped below the elbow cased grasping a naked sword. Motto: Lamh dearg Abú (The Red Hand for ever).

112. Niall Ruadh ("ruadh:" Irish, red): son of Aodh (or Hugh) an Macaomh Toinleasg, who is No. 111 on the "O'Neill" (No. 1) pedigree, next ante; a quo O'Ruaidh, anglicised Roe and Rowe: a family honourably represented (in 1887) by Henry Roe, Esq., of Thomas-street, Dublin. This Niall Ruadh was Prince of Ulster, and was m. to Nuala (died 1226), dau. of Roderic O'Connor, the 183rd Monarch of Ireland.

113. Brian Catha Duin: his son; may be reckoned as the 184th Monarch of Ireland. Had three sons:—I. Donal; II. Niall, d. 1314; III. Murrogh, d. 1356.

Under A.D. 1258, the Four Masters say of this Brian:—

"Hugh, the son of Felim O'Connor and Teige O'Brien, marched with a great force to Caol Uisge (near Newry), to hold a conference with Brian O'Neill, to whom the foregoing chiefs granted the sovereignty over the Irish; and they agreed that the hostages of Hugh O'Connor should be given to him as sureties for the fulfilment of this compact, and that the hostages of O'Reilly's people, and also those of Hy-Briuin, from Kells to Drumcliff, should be likewise given to Hugh, the son of Felim O'Connor."

After this Brian's death on the battlefield of Drom Deirg, at Dundaleathglas (Downpatrick), commanding the Irish forces against the English, in defence of his Crown and kingdom, he was succeeded in the Principality of Ulster by the famous Hugh Buidhe, son of Donal Oge, son of Hugh Dubh, the ancestor of O'Neill of Clanaboy.

114. Donal (VI):[1] his son; King of Ulster, and heir to the Monarchy of Ireland, became The O'Neill, on the death of Aodh Buidhe (or Yellow Hugh), in 1283. After the battle of Bannockburn, in Scotland, A.D. 1314, Edward, brother to the illustrious Robert Bruce, was invited to accept the Sovereignty of Ireland. In his favour this Donal sought to resign his title, which, owing to the Irish Constitution (the Brehon Law), he could not do. (See Paper in the Appendix, headed: "Invasion of Ireland by Bruce.")

Donal had five sons:—I. Hugh ; II. Roderic, slain, 1365; III. Shane, slain, 1318; IV. Brian, slain, 1319 ; and V. Cu Uladh, killed, 1325.

115. Hugh: his son; Prince of Ulster, etc.; "the best Irishman of his time:" d. 1364. Issue : I. Neil Mór; II. Brian (d. 1369); and four daughters.

116. Neil Mór:[2] his son; was "Prince of the Irish in Ulster," when Richard II., King of England, visited Ireland (at Dundalk), in 1394. He was styled "Le Grand O'Neill" by the Anglo-Normans; and by the Irish he was called "the defender of Ireland," "the champion of dignity, and pre-eminence of the principality," "the unyielding tower against tyranny," etc. He had issue:—I. Neil Oge. II. Henry (d. 1392), who had issue—1. Donal; 2. Hugh (who escaped from the prison in Dublin, in 1412, having been confined ten years there by the English); 3. Niall (d. 1430); 4. Brian (d. 1401). III. Graine (d. 1429), m. Turlogh O'Donnell "of the Wine." IV. Cu Uladh Ruadh (d. 1399).

This Neil Mór was married to Gormley (d. 1397), dau. of John O'Donnell.

117. Neil Oge: his son; Prince of Tyrone, etc.; m. to Una (d. 1417), daughter of Donal O'Neill. Issue:

I. Owen; II. Brian (d. of small-pox, 1402); six other sons; and a dau., Una, m. to Rory O'Sullivan, Prince of Dunkerron. This Neil Oge died in 1402, and was succeeded in the Principality by Donal, son of Henry, son of Neil Mór. (See above.) This Donal (called "Donal Bocc") was, in 1432, slain in O'Cahan's Country, by Donal Aibhne O'Cahan.

118. Owen: son of Neil Oge; was, in 1432, on the death of Donal Bocc, inaugurated [3] The O'Neill; m. Catherine (d. 1427), dau. of Ardgal MacMahon. Issue:—I. Henry; II. Hugh, of the Fews, d. 1475; III. Felim, d. 1461; IV. Murtagh; V. Art, died 1458; VI. Connor; VII. Niall; VIII. Brian Mór; IX. Conla; X. Donal Claragh, killed 1493. This Owen died in 1456, and was succeeded by:

119. Henry: his son; Prince of Ulster, etc.; m. Gormley Cavenagh (d. 1465), dau. of MacMurrogh, King of Leinster. This Henry "was inaugurated The O'Neill, in 1455, by the coarb of St. Patric, together with Maguire, MacMahon, O'Cahan, and all the O'Neills, at Tullaghoge, according to the usual customs." Issue: I. Conn; II. Roderic Baccach, killed by the sons of Art O'Neill, 1470; III. Tuathal, killed by the Anglo-Normans, who intruded on the Plain of O'Neill, 1476; IV. Donal, died Aug., 1509; V. Henry Oge, d. 1498; VI. Slaine, married to Turlogh Donn O'Brien; VII. Art, killed in 1502, by Art, son of Conn, son of Henry (see No. 118). This Henry died in 1489, and was succeeded by:

120. Conn: his son, as Prince of Ulster, of Tyrone, etc.; m., in 1483, Elinora (d. 1497), dau. of Thomas (the 7th Earl), the son of John Cam, the 6th Earl of Kildare; and had by her issue: I. Conn Baccach; II. Art Oge (d. 1519) had a son, Neal Connelagh, who had a son Turlogh Luinagh, whose son was called Sir Arthur O'Neill; III. Niall, d. 1497; IV. Turlough killed by MacMahon, 1501, left no issue; V. John of Kinard, had a son, whose son was Sir Henry O'Neill, whose son was Sir Henry O'Neill, who had a son Sir Phelim, murdered by the English, 1650; VI. Deila; VII. Judith, married to Manus O'Donnell, she d. Aug., 1535, aged 42 years, and was interred in the Franciscan Convent, Donegal; VIII. Eliza, m.to Zachaire Maguire.

In 1493, this Conn, "the bountiful bestower of valuable presents and property, was (say the Four Masters) treacherously slain by his his own brother, Henry Oge;" and was succeeded in the Principality by his uncle Donal, who was opposed by Henry Oge; which opposition was not lawful, as Donal was the senior. They quarrelled till 1497, when Henry Oge gave great presents to Donal, in horses and armour, for resigning the title. In 1498, "Henry Oge was (according to the Four Masters) slain in the house of Art, son of Hugh, son of Owen (No. 118), in Tuath Eachach (Iveagh, county Down), by the two sons of Conn, son of Henry, son of Owen, namely Turlogh and Conn Bacchach, in revenge of their father Conn, who had been previously killed by Henry, in the year 1493." Donal thus became undisputed Prince of Tyrone; he died unlamented, on the 6th of Aug., 1509. Art, son of Hugh, son of Owen (No. 118), was chosen his successor. This Art d. in 1514, when Art Oge, son of Conn (No. 120), son of Henry (No. 119), was made The O'Neill. In 1519 Art Oge died and was succeeded by his brother:

121. Conn Bacchach: son of Conn, as Prince of Ulster. Hugh, the son of his uncle Donal, gave him no little trouble, as he too aspired to the Principality, until in the year 1524, in a bloody engagement between them, the said Hugh lost his life; and being thus rid of all competitors, Conn began to follow the example of his ancestors, who, upon all occasions and prospects of success, were up in arms in opposition to the English invaders, endeavouring to drive them from the country; and recover their liberties and their right to the Irish Crown, worn by their ancestors for many ages, successively, as above shown; but all in vain. And this Conn Bacchach trying his fortunes in the same manner, and finding his endeavours to be to as little purpose as were those of his forefathers, did for a time submit; and, going into England, was, upon his openly renouncing his ancient title of O'Neill and Prince of Tyrone, favourably received by King Henry VIII., in Greenwich, in 1542.

Conn thus seemingly renounced a title "in comparison of which," says Camden, "the very title of Caesar is contemptible in Ireland; and taking upon him the barbarian Anglo-Saxon title of Iarl, or Earl of Tyrone; and doing homage to Henry as King of Ireland and Head of the Church; who on his side adorned him with a golden chain, saluted him 'beloved cousin,' and so returned him richly plated." At the same time the title of "baron of Dungannon" was conferred on his illegitimate son, who is called "Mathew" by Sir James Ware in his Annals of Ireland, but in the Pedigree is entered "Ferdorach." These foreign titles, with Conn's conduct, were so deeply resented by SHANE AN DIOMUIS (by Ware called "Shane Dowlenach" or O'Dongaileach, from being fostered by O'Dongaileach or O'Donnelly, Chief of Ballydonnelly, or Charlemont, in Tyrone), the eldest of Conn's legitimate sons, that he, with O'Donnell, MacGuire, and the other Ulster chieftains broke out in rebellion against him. This act of Conn's, in submitting to a foreign prince, has met with universal astonishment, inasmuch as he on a former occasion solemnly cursed his offspring if he should ever speak the Saxon tongue, sow corn, or build houses in imitation of the English; and who led his troops to the south, burned Atherdee and Navan to the ground, and from the Hill of Tara—the palace of his ancestors—warned off the servile nobles of the Pale from the frontiers of Ulster. But this one act alienated his subjects, and Shane was made The O'Neill in his place.

Ferdorach was executed in 1558. Conn Bacchach m. Alice, dau. of Gerald Fitzgerald, 8th Earl of Kildare, and had by her issue: I. Shane; II. Tirlogh; III. Felim Caoch, who had a son Turlogh, who was father of Phelim; IV. Mary, who d. in 1582, and who m. Sorley Buidhe MacDonnell; with three other daughters. This Conn was born 1484, died 1559, and was succeeded by his son:

122. Shane [4] an Diomuis (i.e. John the Proud or Haughty): eldest legitimate son of Conn Bacchach; set no value on his father's "earldom," refused such badge of servitude, was duly inaugurated The ONeill, and "King of Ulster" about A.D. 1550. Not receiving due submission from O'Donnell, he, in 1556, went to war with him, and, in 1559, Calvach O'Donnell, Prince of Tirconnell, was subdued and taken prisoner. In 1560, Shane was undisputed Ruler of Ulster, from "Drogheda to the Erne." In 1563, he visited Queen Elizabeth, as an independent sovereign prince, when she recognized him as The O'Neill, "with all the authority and pre-eminence of his ancestors." After a time the English recommenced to encroach on his territories, planted soldiers on his frontiers, his subjects were incited to rebel against him by the English Government; till at length, in 1567, he is betrayed by the Scots (the MacDonnells), instigated by an English officer named Piers; and slaughtered, with most of his followers, in North Clan-atha-buidhe (or North Clanaboy), near Cushendun, in the county of Antrim. After he had been buried four days, William Piers exhumed the body, cut off his head, and carried it "pickled in a pipkin," to Dublin, to Sir Henry Sydney, who ordered it to be placed on a pole on the top of Dublin Castle! Piers got one thousand marks for thus so effectually carrying out the instructions of his government. Shane's headless trunk was re-interred where he was murdered, about three miles from Cushendun, where the tourist can still be shown the "Grave of Shane O'Neill."

This Shane was m. to Mary (d. 1561), dau. of Calvach O'Donnell (by his first wife), Prince of Tir-Connell; and had issue:—I. John Oge, killed 1581, s.p.; II. Conn; III. Thomas; IV. Elana; V. Henry; VI. Art, died from exposure in the Wicklow mountains, in 1592; VII. Margaret, m. to Teige O'Doyne; with two others. He had, besides, illegitimate children, one of whom was named Hugh Geimhleach (i.e. "of the Fetters"), and was also incorrectly called "Conn MacShane," by a few modern writers. This Hugh, was, in 1590, for betraying to the English Aodh O'Neill's dealings with the Spaniards, seized by orders of his lawful Prince, and tried for various robberies and murders which he had committed within The O'Neill's jurisdiction; for which he was sentenced to death, and in January, 1590, said Hugh Geimhleach was hanged by Loughlin MacMurtogh and his brother—both natives of Fermanagh.

In A.D. 1569, the English passed an Act of Attainder against the "late John O'Neill;" and all his extensive estates, nearly all the Tribe Lands of the Sept, together with the greater part of Tyr-Owen, were seized by the English Crown, and various parts thereof planted with English and Scotch settlers.

Immediately after the murder of Shane, the Prince of Ulster, Tirlogh Luineach [5] (or Turlogh Luinagh—see No. 120) was, at the instigation of the English Government, made The O'Neill, in preference to Shane's two brothers—Tirloch and Felim Caoch ("caoch:" Irish, dim-sighted), or to Shane's son Conn. Tirloch Luineach d. at Strabane in 1595, and was buried at Ardstraw (Irish, Ardstratha) in Tyrone.

Feardorach (or Mathew), son of Conn Bacchach, and half brother of Shane, was, by the English, made "Baron of Dungannon;" he married Judith, daughter of Cuchonnacht Magennis, and had by her: I. Brian, the second "Baron of Dungannon," who was slain, s. p. in 1561; II. Aodh (or Hugh), virtual Ard Righ, of whom again; and two illegitimate sons; III. Sir Cormac, who had a son, Conn, whose sons were Hugh Oge, and Brian, both died s. p.; IV. Sir Art. This Sir Art m. and had three sons:—1. Art Oge, who was father of Hugh Dubh,[6] the renowned defender of Limerick and Governor of Clonmel, in 1650; 2. the famous Owen Roe O'Neill,[7] who was Commander-in-Chief of the Irish Confederate Forces in Ulster, in the war subsequent to 1641, and who was poisoned, he died at Clough Oughter Castle, on the 6th of Nov., 1649. Owen Roe m. and left four sons:—1. Henry (slain in 1649), who left a son Hugh; 2. Brian, whose son was Owen, the last Earl of Tyrone, in Spain; 3. Conn, who had two sons:—Owen, a Colonel in the French Service; and Luaghadh (or Lewis) an officer in the French Service; and 4. John, who became a monk. The third son of Sir Art was Conn, who had two sons:—1. Daniel,[8] and 2. Brian, whose son Conn died in Spain.

On the "Plantation of Ulster" Sir Art (MacBaron) in his old age was removed from his own territory of O'Neilan, and got in exchange an estate of 2,000 acres during the lives of himself and his wife.

(II.) Aodh O'Neill, the second son of Feardorach, above mentioned, was, during the lifetime of Tirlogh, designated his successor, in 1587; Queen Elizabeth solemnly made him "Earl of Tyrone:" in order, says Connellan, "to suppress the name and authority of O'NEILL;" and in May, 1588, with Tirlogh's consent, he was duly and solemnly inaugurated The O'Neill, in the Rath of Tullaghoge. On the Stone of Royalty, amidst the circling warriors, the Bards and Ollamhs of Uladh, he took the oath "to preserve all the ancient former customs of the country inviolable," etc.; and on the death of Tirlogh, he became the Prince of Ulster. He was four times married: first, to Judith, daughter of Sir Hugh O'Donnell, and sister to the celebrated Red Hugh, she d. early in 1591; he m. secondly, in July, 1591, Mabel Bagnal, who d. 1596; thirdly, to Catherine, dau. of Magennis of Down; and, fourthly, to ——; he had issue by Catherine:

1. Hugh (d. 1609), called "Baron of Dungannon;" 2. Henry (d. s.p.), a Colonel in the Spanish Service; 3. John, Conde de Tyrone, a General in the Spanish Service; 4. Bryan (a page to the Archduke), who was strangled in his bedroom at Brussels, in 1617, by an English assassin; and 5. Conn, a natural son, a prisoner in the Tower, who had a son—Feardorach, of whose descendants we, at present, know nothing.

From his great military genius, this Aodh has been called "The Irish Hannibal." In the reign of Queen Elizabeth this Aodh (or Hugh [9]) exercised the authority of Ard-Righ or Monarch, in electing both native and Anglo-Norman chieftains, etc. He died at Rome, blind and worn out, in 1616.

123. Conn: son of Shane an Diomuis; hereditary Prince of Ulster; was elected "The O'Neill" in 1590, as successor to Aodh; but his patrimony being now wrested from him, his people disorganized, and strangers in his strongholds, he was forced to lead an inactive life. He resided usually at Strabane; was m. to Nuala O'Donnell, and by her had issue: I. Art Oge; II. Cu-Uladh, who retired to Scotland, where he m. and had issue; III. Mór, became a Nun; IV. Eoghan, married and had issue; V. Brian, who was killed by an Englishman named Tempest; VI. Flann, d. unm. at Strabane. This Conn d. in 1598, at an advanced age.

124. Art Oge: his son; hereditary Prince of Ulster. Owing to the seizure of his country by James I., of England, and the consequent "Ulster Plantation," this Art's inheritance was overrun by Scotch and English settlers, many of whom generously held for him part of his estates in trust. He was born in 1565; resided partly in Strabane and Dungannon; married Sinead Ni Airt (or Joanna O'Hart), by whom he had four children: I. Conn Ruadh, who d. s.p.; II. Shane; III. Rose; IV. Aodh Dubh, who was a Major-General in the Austrian Army, m. in 1641, Mary Sibylla, dau. of a German Prince, and had issue; died 1650. (See "O'Neill-Bridge" Stem, infra.)

Art Oge O'Neill died in 1622, in Strabane, and was buried at Ardstraw.

125. Shane: his second son; hereditary Prince of Ulster; lived, like his father, in Strabane and Dungannon; b. 1599; m. when only 19 years of age, Kathleen O'Donnell of Tirconnell, by whom he had issue: I. Thomas; II. Art, d. s.p.; III. Conn, who married and removed to Munster; IV. Eoghan, who m. and emigrated to North America; V. Robert, who m. and had issue—extinct in 1866; VI. Meadhbh, who m. a French officer.

Shane died in 1643, at Strabane, and was buried with his fathers at Ardstraw.

126. Thomas: his son; hereditary Prince of Ulster; b. 1619; married Angelina, the dau. of Aodh Dubh O'Neill, by whom he had issue: I. Teige; II. Shane, who entered the Spanish Army; III. Mór, who m. a Scotch "laird;" and IV. Kate.

This Thomas resided at Inishowen, and, in 1670, was found dead on the western shore of Lough Foyle, a dagger being stuck to the hilt in his back: a deed performed, it was believed, by two English spies. He was buried in Derry-Colum-cill (now Londonderry).

127. Teige: his son; hereditary Prince of Ulster; b. in 1641; resided at Dungannon; married Mary O'Donnell, by whom he had issue: I. Henry; II. Brian; III. John. (These two brothers—Brian and John—went as "soldiers of fortune" to France, thence to Portugal; they m. two cousins of Maguire, of Fermanagh, before leaving Ireland; eight of their descendants, in 1807, on the invasion of Portugal by the French, went with the House of Braganza to Brazil, where some of their descendants now (1887) reside.) IV. Robert, married a Miss Stuart, of Argyle, and had issue; V. Rose, m. a gentleman named MacCallum, of Scotland.

This Teige died in 1690, and was buried at Ardstraw.

(IV.) Robert with his family emigrated to the United States of North America, where he changed his name to Paine, so as to preserve his life from assassins. It was one of his descendants who, under the name of "Robert Francis Paine," signed the Declaration of American Independence, on the 4th of July, 1776; and whose portrait is still to be seen in the old Congress Hall at Philadelphia. Descendants of this Robert are now holders of large estates in many of the States of the great American Republic, and many others of them are engaged in mechanical and mercantile pursuits in that rising nation.

128. Henry: eldest son of Teige; hereditary Prince of Ulster; b. in Dungannon, 1665; m. Fionualla O'Gormley, by whom he had issue: I. Art; II. Judith, and III. Kate (twins); IV. Aodh; V. Shane (d. s.p.); VI. Roderic, and VII. Nora (twins); VIII. Cu-Uladh, who entered the English Army under a feigned name, and was strangled in London; IX. Delia, married George MacCarthy, had issue; X. Cormac, born three months after his father's death, m. and removed to co. Cork, where his descendants yet are to be found amongst the peasantry.

Kate died in infancy, Judith went to her cousins in Portugal, with Roderic and Nora, all m. and had issue. Aodh m. Matilda O'Connor, had issue, location now (1887) unknown.

This Henry O'Neill was cousin to Colonel Sir Neill, who was, in 1690, killed at the Boyne. He (Henry) changed his name to Paine (modernized Payne), so as to preserve both his life and a portion of his Ulster estates. He entered the Army of William III., and obtained the "head rents" of large tracts of land in the county of Cork, and other parts of Ireland, in addition to a small portion of the Sept lands he still held in Ulster. He resided for a short time in North Clanaboy; afterwards at Dungannon, whence he removed to the shelter of his kinsman Neal O'Neal of Cloon, co. Leitrim, where, notwithstanding all his precautions, he fell a victim to his hereditary enemies, being assassinated in 1698, at Foxford, co. Mayo.

129. Art O'Neill, alias "Payne:" son of Henry; hereditary Prince of Ulster; b. 1687; made The O'Neill on May Eve, 1709, at Aileach; m. Kate O'Toole, daughter of Garret O'Toole, of Power's Court, county Wicklow (see "O'Toole" Stem, No. 128), and had by her: I. Nial. II. Thomas, who emigrated to America; III. Francis, who m. a Miss Bellsang, and had issue; IV. Lawrence, who m. a Miss Collins, and had two sons and one daughter; V. Nuala, died in infancy; VI. Rose, who m. James Talbot, went with him to England, and had issue; VII. Ada, who m. also a Talbot, and went to England; VIII. Mór, who m. Henry O'Cahan, of Derry; IX. Joan, who m. Felim MacCarthy, d. s.p.

This Art lived a roving life, partly in Tyrone, Wicklow, and Cork, and kept large deer-hounds; died in co. Cork, 1732, and was bur. in St. Helen's, Moviddy, whence his remains were taken to Ardstraw, by his son:

130. Nial: hereditary Prince of Ulster; b. 1711; m. Ellen, dau. of Donal Fitzpatrick (of Ossory), by his wife, Una Mac Namara, and by her had issue: I. Richard (or Roderic); II. William, who married Ellen Toler, and by her had a dau. named Nora, who m. Cormac Mac Carthy, the hereditary Earl of Clan Carthy; and a son, Henry (d. 1843), who m. Lina Seton, of Bucks, and by her had two sons and one dau.; this Henry, on the death of his uncle Roderic (or Richard), was duly elected "The O'Neill," by representatives of the old clans. His two sons were Conn and Aodh; the daughter was Delia, who m. Henry Seton, and is now (1887) in some part of France, and has issue; the son, Conn, d. an infant; and Aodh, on the eve of 1st of Nov., 1847, was made Prince of Ulster, he d. unm., in 1859. Soon after some of the Irish in Paris and New York proceeded to elect his successor; and we learn that Mac Carthy Mór and James Talbot took Richard, who is No. 134 on this Stem, to London, where he was acknowledged as the future Representative of his Race; and we learn that on May Eve, 1862, in the ruined fort of Aileach, the white wand was put into his hand by Daniel O'Connor, of Manch, and the old Pagan ceremonies were performed, as they were some hundreds of years before, when the chieftains elected "O'Neill." (See No. 134 below.) The other children of this Niall were: III. Kate, d. unm; IV. Mary, who m. Phelim O'Neill, and had a dau., Ada, who m. a Mac Loughlin, whose dau. Eva, married Donogh Mac Carthy of Cork; V. Rose, who m. Dermod, hereditary lord of Muscry, and Earl of Clan-carthy. (See Stem of Mac Carthy, Lords of Muscry Family, Nos. 129, 130, 131).

This Nial lived in the western part of the county, and in the City of Cork; lived an extravagant life; took a leading part, under various disguises, in political events; sold out to his trustees the remains of the tribe lands in Ulster. The penal laws being in force, his possessions in the South of Ireland were held in trust for him by Protestant friends, many of whom eventually ignored his right, and, taking advantage of the Law, excluded him and his heirs from the head rents. Then he engaged in manufacturing pursuits, by means of the remnant of his property, which proved abortive; finally, he died in 1772, and was buried in Moviddy. In 1780, his remains were removed by his son to Ulster.

131. Richard (or Roderick): his son; hereditary Prince of Ulster; b. in Kilmichael, co. Cork, in 1743; m. Margaret, dau. of Donal Mac Carthy Reagh, by his wife Kate O'Driscoll (see No. 125 on the "Mac Carthy Reagh" Stem), and had issue: I. Robert; II. Rachel, who married John O'Sullivan Mór (Prince of Dunkerron), a native of Berehaven, and by him had issue: Richard, Donogh, and Nora (see the "O'Sullivan Mór" pedigree); III. Mary, m. to Philip Ryder, has (in 1887) no issue; IV. Alice, m. Richard Good, and had issue: 1. Anne (d. s. p.); 2. Mary, m. John Forde, of Bandon, and has one dau. Jane; 3. Jane, m. Simon Long, issue: James, Daniel, and Elizabeth; 4. Richard, who m. Anne Good, both d. s.p.; and V. Bessy, d. s.p.

This Richard was duly elected "The O'Neill," on May Eve, 1766, and was inaugurated in the old Rath of Tullaghoge, west of Lough Neagh, in Tyrone, by the O'Hagan, who was then reduced to indigence. This Richard (or Roderic) lost the remainder of the "head rents" of those lands in co. Cork, which were granted to Henry (No. 128); he removed to East Carbery, where he died, in 1817, and was buried in Moviddy. He was, during the most part of his life, unostentatiously the rallying point of all the Celtic princes and chieftains of Erinn, as his elected position indicated.

132. Robert: his son; m. Eleanor or Nelly, eldest daughter of Corlis O'Baldwin, of Lios-na-Cait, near Bandon, county Cork. [This Corlis was eldest son of William,[10] son of Robert, son of John, Mayor of Cork, 1737, and descended from William of Lisarda, son of Henry, who is No. 7 on the "Baldwin" pedigree.] Issue: I. Richard, who m. Mary O'Nolan, and had by her—Robert, Henry, Eleana, Richard, and Una: Henry died in Ireland; the others with their parents, emigrated to North America, from 1847 to 1854, and all of whom are now (1887) dead. II. Robert, whose lineage is here traced. III. William. IV. John. V. Thomas:—these last three also emigrated to New Jersey, and thence to Kentucky, where they resided, unm., in 1880. VI. Francis, an officer in the United States Army, killed many years ago by American Indians. VII. Margaret, d. unm. in Ireland. VIII. Mary, m. to — Linzey, an officer in the Anglo-Indian Army, d. some years ago, s.p.

This Robert, in 1847, died at Mount Pleasant, and was buried at St. Helen's, Moviddy, co. Cork.

133. Robert: second son of Robert; born 1816; m. Jane Anne, dau. of Richard Wall, of Ardnaclog (Bellmount), parish of Moviddy, county Cork, by his wife Jane "Welply," or more correctly, Jane Mac Carthy, dau. of William Mac Carthy Mór, alias "Welply," of Clodagh Castle. (See Mac Carthy Mór pedigree, No. 129.) Issue: three sons and two daughters: I. William, who died in infancy. II. Richard-Walter. III. Marmaduke, an officer in the English Army—the "Connaught Rangers," Renmore Barracks, Galway (living in 1887), born at Lios-na-Cait, 4th June, 1845; married, and has issue two sons, and four daughters. IV. Jane Anne, b. at Lios-na-Cait, 13th June, 1848, m. William Farrow, son of William Farrow by his wife Jane Mitchel, both natives of Ipswich, in Suffolk, England; this Jane Anne with her husband reside at 2 Albert Villas, King-street, New Brompton, Kent, England, and has no issue. V. Elizabeth-Lavinia, born at Ard-na-clog (Bellmount), Muscry, 6th September, 1852, and resides (1887) at the Connecticut Training School, State Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, U. S. America; unm.

This Robert died in New Jersey about 1851.

134. Richard W. O'Neill (alias "Payne"[11]): his son; born at Lios-na-Cait, 13th Sept., 1842; living at St. Martin's, Farranavane, Bandon, county Cork, in 1887; and acts as Principal Teacher of Mount Pleasant National School. (See Note, "The O'Neill," under Niall Glundubh, No. 100, on the "O'Neill" (No. 1) pedigree.)

This Richard, known over most part of Ireland as "The O'Neill," (see No. 130 on this pedigree) was m., in June, 1864, to Mary, only dau. of John Harris, of Moss Grove, by his wife Eliza O'Connor, in the Catholic Church of Murrogh, by the Reverend John Lyons, C.C. (now P.P. of Kilmichael, co. Cork) and has had issue:

135. John: son of Richard (2); living in St. Martin's, Farranavane, Bandon, in 1887.

Notes

[1] Donal: In the MS. Vol. E. 3. 22, in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, this Donal (or Donald) O'Neill is styled—

"Rex Ultoniae, et omnium Regulorum Hiberniae." ....

[2] Neil Mór: In the last page of the MS. Vol. E. 3. 10, in the Library of Trin. Coll. Dublin, there is a copy of a letter, written by this Neil Mór, as "Princeps Hibernicorum Ultoniae," to King Richard II., of England:

" . . . Litterae missae ad Regem Richardum II., per Nellanum O'Nell, Principem Hibernicorum Ultoniae, Anno 18^o ejusdem Regis."

[3] Inaugurated,: After the destruction of the ancient Palace of Aileach, A.D. 1101, the princes of the O'Neill fixed their residence in the south of the present county of Tyrone, at Ennis Enaigh, now Inchenny, in the parish of Urney; and the stone chair upon which each of these princes was proclaimed, was at Tullahoge (or the hill of the youths), now Tullyhawk, in the parish of Desertcreagh, and barony of Dungannon; where was seated down to Cromwell's time the family of O'Hagan, the lawgiver of Tullahoge, whence the present Baron O'Hagan (see the "O'Hagan" pedigree) takes his title; and where, on the stone chair above mentioned—the Leac-na-Righ (or Flagstone of the Kings), the princes or kings of Tir-Owen were inaugurated by O'Hagan, "and called O'Neill after the lawful manner." That Leac-na-Righ was A.D. 1602, demolished by the lord-deputy Mountjoy.

"According to the tradition in the country," writes John O'Donovan, LL.D., "O'Hagan inaugurated O'Neill, by putting on his golden slipper or sandal; and hence the sandal always appears in the armorial bearings of the O'Hagans." With reference to the observance in Ireland, of a superior prince or chief, when inaugurated, having his shoe, slipper, or sandal put on by an inferior potentate, but still one of consideration, we find that at the inauguration of the O'Connor in Connaught, the same office was performed for him by MacDermott, the powerful chief of Moylurg (the old barony of Boyle, county Roscommon), as that performed by O'Hagan for the O'Neill in Ulster. There is a resemblance between this custom at the inauguration of the old princes of Ireland, and that connected with the ceremonial of the later Roman emperors or those of Constantinople, on their creation as such. Under the head of "Honours and Titles of the Imperial Family," Gibbon notes that "the Emperor alone could assume the purple or red buskins." And subsequently relating how the celebrated John Catacuzene assumed A.D. 1341, the imperial dignity, he mentions John being "invested with the purple buskins;" adding "that his right leg was clothed by his noble kinsman, the left by the Latin chiefs, on whom he conferred the honour of knighthood;" this office putting on the buskins being one of honour in the east, like that of putting on the shoe or sandal in the west.—O'CALLAGHAN.

[4] Shane: In 1565, Shane O'Neill assumed the title of "Monarch of Ireland, and led the Irish Army of Ulster against the English Government. He maintained, at his own cost, a standing army of 4,000 foot, and 1,000 horse, and always took care to have his Chiefs and their dependents well instructed in the art of war. Queen Elizabeth in vain attempted to reduce him, either by force, or by kindness. She offered to him the titles of "Earl of Tyrone," and "Baron of Dungannon." Shane received these proposals with a haughtiness expressive of his contempt for any such titles, which he looked upon as beneath his dignity as the O'NEILL. The commissioners who were intrusted with the negociations, received from him this reply: "If Elizabeth, your mistress, be Qeeen of England, I am O'Neill, King of Ulster; I never made peace with her without having been previously solicited to it by her. I am not ambitious of the abject title of 'earl;' both my family and birth raise me above it; I will not yield precedence to any one: my ancestors have been Kings of Ulster; I have gained that kingdom by my sword, and by the sword I will preserve it." (Cox, Hist. Irel., p, 321.)

On Shane's visit to Queen Elizabeth, when reference was made to the natural son of Conn (Ferdoroch, Baron of Dungannon) as likely to succeed his father in Tir-Owen, Shane said that Ferdoroch ("Mathew") was the son of the wife of a blacksmith of Dundalk, by Conn, his father, subsequent to the marriage of the said Conn O'Neill and Alice, of whom he, Shane, was the eldest legitimate son, and that consequently he alone had a right to succeed to his father's inheritance. He added that the surrender which had been made by his father, of the Principality of Tir-Owen, to King Henry viii., and the restitution his father had received from that King by letters patent, were null; since his father's right to that principality was confined to his own life, whilst he (Shane) had been acknowledged THE O'NEILL, by a popular election according to custom.

[5] Luineach: This Tirloch Luineach left a son, Sir Art O'Neill.

[6] Hugh Dubh was born in the Spanish Netherlands. He is mentioned as one of ''the brave warriors and prime captains who, out of the martial theatre of Flanders, enlisted under the banner of Owen Roe O'Neill, and came to Ireland in 1642." He was taken prisoner at the battle of Clones, in 1642, and did not regain his liberty till released by exchange after the battle of Benburb in 1646. In that year he was appointed Major-General of the Ulster Army. During the illness of his uncle, Owen Roe, he commanded the Ulster Army, and was with Ferrall despatched in October, 1649, to the Marquis of Ormond with a body of two thousand men. After Owen Roe's death he was anxious to succeed him as commander of the Ulster Army. His qualifications were strongly urged by Daniel O'Neill (a), as being a "man who knew the ways Owen Roe O'Neill took to manage the people, and one not unacceptable to the Scots, and one who would do nothing contrary to Ormond's commands."

After defending Clonmel he retired, and was by Ormond appointed military governor of Limerick. In a reply to the demand of Sir Hardress Waller to surrender the city, in September, 1650, he declared "he was determined to maintain it for the use of his majesty, Charles II., even to the effusion of the last drop of his blood."

Finding that his name was not included in the treaty on the surrender of Limerick he rode up to Deputy Ireton and offered him the pommel of his sword. Ireton received him most kindly, and commanded his own guard under pain of death to attend and bring him to a place of safety. A few days after the taking of Limerick, Ireton died; but before his death he commanded Edmund Ludlow to behave well to O'Neill, send him to England, and bestow on him three horses, one for himself, and two for two servants, and means to defray his charges.

O'Neill arrived in London, on the 10th January, 1652, and was committed to the Tower, for being in arms against the Parliament. Twenty shillings a week were allowed for his support. Don Alonzo Cardenas, the Spanish Ambassador, proposed to the Council of State in July, 1652, to give permission to the Irish troops to pass into Spain, especially to Don Hugo O'Neill, since he was born in Flanders, and consequently a Spanish subject; having, besides, borne no part in the first insurrection in Ireland, nor in the excesses which took place there. He seems to have gone to Spain, for there is a letter of his to Charles II., dated Madrid, October 27th, 1660, in which he solicits the restoration of his family to that king's favour. He there assumed the title of "Earl of Tyrone."

[7] Owen Roe O'Neill:

EPITAPH OF OWEN ROE O'NEILL.

EUGENII O'NEILLI, COPIARUM ULTONIENSIUM PRÆFECTI GENERALIS, EPITAPHIUM.

[8] (a) Daniel O'Neill, like Hugh Dubh, was a nephew of Owen Roe. His father and grandfather were owners of Upper Claneboy and Great Ardes, and had served the English in the war against their own kindred. His father was induced to transfer these lands, amounting to 66,000 acres, to Sir Hugh Montgomery and James Hamilton for the sum of £60, and a yearly rent of £160. He spent the early part of his life in Holland, in the army of the Prince of Orange; later, he entered the English service. At the beginning of the Irish "Rebellion," he was accused of high treason, and imprisoned in the Tower. He escaped in disguise, after a confinement of six months. Soon after he was a Lieutenant-General of Prince Rupert's Horse. Ormond gave him a command in the Irish Army: he was sent by Ormond to make proposals to Owen Roe, and it was mainly owing to his exertions that the treaty was brought about between them. Ormond was anxious that this Daniel should succeed Owen Roe in command of the Ulster Army, but his religion stood in the way,—he was a Protestant. He left Ireland for Spain in 1650, with 5,000 men for service in Holland. After the Restoration of Charles II., Daniel was made Postmaster-General. He died in 1664. On the occasion of his death Charles II. wrote to the Duchess of Orleans, "This morning poor O'Neill died of an ulcer in his guts. He was as honest a man as ever lived. I am sure I have lost a good servant by it."

[9] Hugh: Hugh O'Neill had served some years in the English army, when a young man; acquired a great knowledge of military affairs, and was a favourite at the Court of Elizabeth. On his return to Ireland, he continued some time in the service of the queen; but, having revolted, he became the chief leader of the Northern Irish, and was (perhaps with the exception of his relative, Owen Roe O'Neill) the ablest general that ever contended against the English in Ireland. He, however, became reconciled to the state in the reign of James the First, who, A.D. 1603, confirmed to him his title and estates; but, for alleged political reasons, Hugh O'Neill and Rory O'Donnell, Earl of Tirconnell, were, A.D. 1607, forced to fly from Ireland: they retired to Rome, where Hugh died, A.D. 1616; and Rory or Roderick O'Donnell, A.D. 1617. (See the "Flight of the Earls," in the Appendix.)

For further information in connection with this Hugh O'Neill, see "The Life and Times of Aodh O'Neill, Prince of Ulster; called by the English, Hugh, Earl of Tyrone. With some Account of his Predecessors, Conn, Shane, and Tirlogh." (Dublin: James Duffy. 1845.)

[10] William: This William had three sons and two daughters: the sons were—1. Corlis, m. to a Miss Jenkins; 2. James, m. to a Miss Banfield—family extinct; 3. Henry, d. unm. The eldest daughter m. Edward Herrick, of Belmount, gent.; the youngest, m. Walter MacCarthy, solicitor, a scion of the Blarney MacCarthys.

The second daughter of Corlis m. Mr. McCrate, and d. s.p. McCrate m. secondly to former wife's cousin—a daughter of James. From the following inscription on an obelisk-like monument in the old church-yard of Templemartin, diocese of Cork, we learn that the Baldwin family no longer reside or hold possession in Ireland:

"Sacred to the Memory of Barbara Baldwin and her husband Robert Baldwin, of Summer Hill, near Carrigaline, co. Cork, and afterwards of Annarva, Baldwin's Creek, co. Durham, Upper Canada. She died at Summer Hill, 21st Jan., 1791, 42 years of age, and lies buried here among the ancestors of her husband. He died at City of Toronto (then the town of York), Upper Canada, 24th Nov., 1816, aged 75 years; and lies buried in the grave-yard of St. James's Church in that city. He was the second son of John Baldwin, of Lios-na-Cait, Alderman of Cork. After his wife's death he emigrated with the greater number of their children to Upper Canada, in the years 1798-99. This stone, under the superintendence of his eldest son, Robert Baldwin, is erected to the memory of his much-loved parents by William Warren Baldwin, of Spadina, in the county of York, in Upper Canada, their eldest surviving son, and the present head of the eldest male branch of their descendants, who are all now through the merciful goodness of the Almighty successful and happily settled in that Province—1836."

[11] Payne: This family is not even remotely connected with any other, bearing a like name in Great Britain, or Ireland.